What is periodontal disease?

We’re periodontal treatment specialists ready to see you.

What is periodontal disease?

Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gums and the supporting bone around the teeth. It is caused by the build-up of bacterial plaque and tartar, which triggers inflammation in the gum tissues. Early periodontal disease often involves redness, swelling, or bleeding of the gums and may progress quietly without pain. If left untreated, it can lead to gum recession, bone loss, tooth mobility, and eventual tooth loss.

Understanding Periodontal Disease

Problems associated with periodontal disease.

Periodontal disease affects more than just the gums. As inflammation progresses, it can lead to gum recession, bone loss, tooth mobility, and increased risk of tooth loss. Advanced disease may also complicate dental treatment and long-term oral health maintenance.

Common Symptoms & Concerns

When it may be time to treat periodontal disease.

Bleeding gums

Gums that regularly bleed when brushing or flossing are not normal, and indicate gum inflammation.

Swollen or tender gums

Red, puffy or tender gums may indicate active inflammation affecting the gum tissues.

Gum recession

Gums pulling away from the teeth can be a sign of gum disease, and may increase tooth sensitivity and decay risk.

Persistent bad breath

Ongoing bad breath or unpleasant taste may be caused by bacteria below the gumline.

Loose or shifting teeth

Loose teeth or changes in tooth position are a sign of advanced gum disease, and can occur when supporting bone is lost.

Bone loss

Dental X-rays can show bone loss, which is most noticeable in moderate to advanced gum disease.

Why periodontal treatment?

Possible benefits of periodontal disease treatment.

Periodontal disease treatment may help control infection and inflammation affecting the gums and supporting bone. For some patients, treatment can assist with stabilising periodontal health and reducing further damage to the teeth and surrounding structures. In some cases, gum disease treatment may: